Title 3 — Offenses Against Property

5 min read

Updated 13h ago

3 views

Chapter 3A — Theft and unlawful appropriation

Theft includes unlawfully taking, exercising control over, withholding, receiving by deception, or obtaining services or property with intent to deprive the owner. Amounts may be aggregated when part of one scheme or course of conduct.

Section	Offense	Grade	Elements
§ 3.01	Petty theft — under $500	M3	Commits theft of property or services valued below $500.
§ 3.02	Theft — $500 to $1,499	M2	Commits theft valued from $500 through $1,499.
§ 3.03	Grand theft — $1,500 to $4,999	M1	Commits theft valued from $1,500 through $4,999.
§ 3.04	Felony theft — $5,000 to $24,999	F5	Commits theft valued from $5,000 through $24,999.
§ 3.05	Major theft — $25,000 or more	F4	Commits theft valued at $25,000 or more. F3 at $100,000 or more.
§ 3.06	Shoplifting	Same grade as value	Conceals, alters price information, transfers packaging, or passes a point of sale with intent to deprive a merchant.
§ 3.07	Theft of services	Same grade as value	Intentionally obtains labor, utilities, lodging, transport, communications, or professional services by deception, threat, tampering, or absconding.
§ 3.08	Embezzlement	One grade above theft by value; maximum F3	Entrusted with property or funds, knowingly converts them to an unauthorized use with intent to deprive.
§ 3.09	Theft from a vulnerable person	One grade above theft by value; maximum F3	Commits theft knowing the victim is an elder, dependent adult, or person whose impairment substantially limits self-protection.
§ 3.10	Theft of a firearm or emergency equipment	F4	Steals a firearm, body armor, police radio, emergency medical equipment, or public-safety equipment regardless of value.
§ 3.11	Theft of government property	One grade above theft by value; maximum F3	Steals public property, evidence, official records, or property held in government custody.
§ 3.12	Unlawful use of property	M2	Temporarily uses property without consent but without intent to permanently deprive, excluding motor vehicles governed by § 3.31.
§ 3.13	Possession of stolen property	Same grade as theft by value	Knowingly possesses, conceals, sells, or disposes of property known or reasonably believed to be stolen.
§ 3.14	Organized retail theft	F4	In concert with another, steals or traffics retail merchandise as part of an organized scheme. F3 if aggregate value is $25,000 or more.

Chapter 3B — Robbery, burglary, and trespass

Section	Offense	Grade	Elements
§ 3.20	Robbery	F4	In the course of theft, uses force or threatens imminent bodily injury.
§ 3.21	Armed robbery	F3	Commits robbery while using, displaying, or representing possession of a deadly weapon.
§ 3.22	Aggravated robbery	F2	Armed robbery causing serious injury, involving multiple victims, targeting a bank or armored carrier, or involving hostage taking.
§ 3.23	Burglary in the third degree	F5	Enters or remains unlawfully in a building with intent to commit a crime therein.
§ 3.24	Burglary in the second degree	F4	Commits burglary of a dwelling, occupied building, secured vehicle, critical facility, or with burglary tools.
§ 3.25	Burglary in the first degree	F3	Commits burglary while armed, causes injury, threatens an occupant, or enters an occupied dwelling at night.
§ 3.26	Possession of burglary tools	M1	Possesses tools, devices, keys, codes, or instruments adapted or intended for burglary or theft, with criminal intent.
§ 3.27	Criminal trespass	M3	Knowingly enters or remains unlawfully after notice, fencing, signage, or an order to leave.
§ 3.28	Aggravated trespass	M1	Trespasses in a dwelling, secured government facility, hospital treatment area, utility facility, airport operations area, or while armed.
§ 3.29	Unlawful occupancy or squatting	M2	Knowingly occupies real property without colorable right and refuses a lawful demand or court order to vacate. Civil landlord-tenant disputes are excluded.

Chapter 3C — Motor-vehicle property offenses

Section	Offense	Grade	Elements
§ 3.30	Grand theft motor vehicle	F4	Knowingly takes, obtains, or exercises unauthorized control over a motor vehicle with intent to deprive the owner.
§ 3.31	Unauthorized use of a motor vehicle	M1	Operates or retains a vehicle without consent but without intent to permanently deprive.
§ 3.32	Carjacking	F3	Takes or attempts to take an occupied vehicle from a person by force or threat. Use of a deadly weapon or serious injury is F2.
§ 3.33	Vehicle burglary	F5	Enters a vehicle without consent with intent to commit theft or another crime. An unlocked entry may be charged as M1 when no damage occurs and value sought is under $1,500.
§ 3.34	Vehicle tampering	M2	Knowingly damages, enters, manipulates, hot-wires, disables, or removes a component from a vehicle without consent.
§ 3.35	Possession of a stolen vehicle	F4	Knowingly possesses, receives, conceals, dismantles, transports, or sells a stolen vehicle.
§ 3.36	Chop-shop operation	F3	Owns, operates, or knowingly supplies premises used to alter, dismantle, conceal, or traffic stolen vehicles or major components.
§ 3.37	Vehicle identification-number tampering	F4	Removes, alters, covers, destroys, or counterfeits a VIN or identifying mark with intent to conceal ownership or facilitate fraud.
§ 3.38	Theft of fuel	M3	Dispenses or obtains fuel and intentionally leaves without payment or uses an unauthorized payment method. Grade follows value for repeated or commercial conduct.

Chapter 3D — Damage, arson, and unlawful interference

Section	Offense	Grade	Elements
§ 3.40	Criminal mischief — under $1,500	M2	Intentionally or recklessly damages, defaces, disables, or tampers with property without consent.
§ 3.41	Felony criminal mischief — $1,500 or more	F5	Causes damage of $1,500 or more, or disrupts essential public service. F4 at $25,000 or more.
§ 3.42	Graffiti	M2	Intentionally marks, paints, etches, or defaces property without consent. Restitution includes cleanup. Gang or hate-motivated graffiti is M1 or applicable enhancement.
§ 3.43	Arson in the third degree	F4	Intentionally or recklessly damages property by fire or explosion.
§ 3.44	Arson in the second degree	F3	Intentionally damages an occupied structure, dwelling, vehicle, forest, or critical facility by fire or explosion.
§ 3.45	Arson in the first degree	F2	Commits arson knowing a person is present or with intent to cause death, mass injury, or catastrophic infrastructure loss.
§ 3.46	Reckless burning	M1	Recklessly starts, maintains, or fails to control a fire that endangers property or persons. Substantial damage is F5.
§ 3.47	Criminal tampering	M1	Knowingly tampers with property, utilities, food, medicine, safety equipment, or a device so as to cause inconvenience, danger, or loss.
§ 3.48	Utility theft or meter bypass	M1	Knowingly diverts utility service, bypasses metering, or reconnects terminated service without authority. Commercial-scale conduct is F5.
§ 3.49	Damage to critical infrastructure	F3	Intentionally damages or disables electrical, water, communications, transportation, emergency, medical, or public-safety infrastructure.
§ 3.50	Looting	One grade above underlying theft or burglary	Commits theft, burglary, or trespass in an evacuated area or during a declared disaster, riot, emergency, or mass-casualty event. Maximum F2.
§ 3.51	Desecration of a grave or memorial	F5	Knowingly damages, removes, disturbs, or desecrates human remains, a grave, cemetery property, or an official memorial without authority.
§ 3.52	Unlawful dumping on property	M2	Knowingly deposits refuse, debris, a vehicle, or waste on another’s land without consent. Hazardous material is governed by § 12.23.

Was this helpful?

Comments

No comments yet. Be the first!