Title 11 — Emergency Services and Critical Infrastructure
Chapter 11A — Emergency reporting and scene control
| Section | Offense | Grade | Elements |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 11.01 | Misuse of emergency communications | M3 | Repeatedly calls, transmits, or occupies 911 or an emergency channel without a genuine emergency and after warning. A knowing false deployment is § 6.28 or § 4.55. |
| § 11.02 | Interference with emergency communications | F5 | Intentionally jams, blocks, floods, disables, or unlawfully takes control of emergency dispatch or public-safety communications. Major disruption is F3. |
| § 11.03 | Interference at an emergency scene | M1 | Knowingly crosses a lawful emergency perimeter, obstructs responders, refuses a safety order, or interferes with rescue, fire suppression, medical care, or evidence preservation. |
| § 11.04 | Obstruction of firefighting | F5 | Intentionally impedes firefighters, damages equipment, blocks water supply, reignites a fire, or interferes with suppression during an active incident. |
| § 11.05 | Obstruction of emergency medical care | F5 | Intentionally prevents or materially delays emergency assessment, treatment, transport, or access to a patient. |
| § 11.06 | Failure to yield to emergency personnel | M2 | Knowingly refuses a reasonable lawful direction necessary for emergency access, evacuation, landing, rescue, or scene safety. |
| § 11.07 | Unauthorized entry into disaster area | M1 | Knowingly enters or remains in a lawfully closed disaster, contamination, wildfire, collapse, or evacuation zone without authorization or necessity. |
| § 11.08 | Interference with emergency aircraft | F4 | Knowingly obstructs a landing zone, directs a laser, operates a drone, or creates another hazard to an emergency aircraft. |
| § 11.09 | Removal or misuse of emergency equipment | F4 | Steals, disables, diverts, or uses emergency equipment during an incident, creating a substantial risk to response. Theft may merge into this section. |
Chapter 11B — Impersonation and misuse of emergency authority
| Section | Offense | Grade | Elements |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 11.20 | Impersonating a firefighter or EMS worker | F5 | Falsely represents oneself as fire or EMS personnel and performs an apparent official act, gains access, or obtains compliance. |
| § 11.21 | Unauthorized use of emergency vehicle | F4 | Knowingly operates or exercises control over an emergency vehicle without authority. Theft by force or while responding is F3. |
| § 11.22 | Misuse of emergency lights, siren, or markings | M1 | Uses emergency signals or markings without authority to obtain right-of-way, enter a scene, stop another vehicle, or impersonate responders. |
| § 11.23 | Unauthorized public-safety radio access | F5 | Knowingly transmits on, alters, or uses credentials for a restricted public-safety radio system without authority. Mere passive monitoring where lawful is excluded. |
| § 11.24 | False representation of an emergency | M1 | Knowingly represents that an incident, evacuation, closure, medical order, or emergency authority exists to obtain compliance or access. Major public disruption is F5. |
| § 11.25 | Unauthorized emergency medical treatment | F4 | Knowingly performs invasive emergency treatment or administers a controlled medication without certification or legal necessity. Good-faith basic first aid is excluded. |
Chapter 11C — Hospitals, utilities, and essential facilities
| Section | Offense | Grade | Elements |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 11.30 | Disruption of hospital operations | F5 | Intentionally and substantially disrupts emergency, surgical, critical-care, or ambulance operations through force, threat, obstruction, or tampering. |
| § 11.31 | Unauthorized access to restricted medical area | M1 | Knowingly enters a restricted treatment, medication, records, morgue, or staff area without authority and refuses to leave. Criminal purpose is F5. |
| § 11.32 | Tampering with medical equipment | F4 | Knowingly alters, disables, contaminates, or misuses medical equipment, medication, oxygen, or life-support systems. Risk of death is F2. |
| § 11.33 | Tampering with public water or food supply | F3 | Knowingly contaminates, diverts, or materially interferes with a public water or food-distribution system. Intent to cause mass harm is F1. |
| § 11.34 | Interference with electrical or communications utility | F4 | Intentionally disables, overloads, or accesses an electrical, telecommunications, dispatch, or data utility without authority, causing material interruption. Catastrophic risk is F2. |
| § 11.35 | Sabotage of transportation infrastructure | F3 | Intentionally damages or disables a bridge, tunnel, signal, runway, port, rail line, or traffic-control system, creating substantial danger or disruption. |
| § 11.36 | Unauthorized access to critical infrastructure | F5 | Knowingly enters or accesses a secured utility, dam, communications, airport-operations, transit-control, or emergency facility without authority. Sabotage purpose is F3. |
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